Page No 85
Hospital as an Organization
Hospital as an Organization
Sunday 6 December 2015
Thursday 3 December 2015
Define Common Property Resource? How can You link it with the process of development induced displacement?
Page No 69
Common property resources (environmental) are natural resources owned and managed collectively by a community or society rather than by individuals.
Development induced displacement is movement of people who are compelled to migrate as aresult of policies and projects which are implemented supposedly enhance ‘development’. Large-scale infrastructure projects which include dams,roads, ports, airports; urban clearance initiatives; mining and deforestation; and the introduction of conservation parks/reserves and biosphere projects usually involve displacing and dislocating the original inhabitants for the so called larger cause.
The people who suffer as a result of thus usually remain internally displaced.Inspite of being resettled they are not given the irdue compensation. “While there are guidelines on restoration for affected populations produced by some major donors to these types of projects, such as the World Bank, there continues to be inadequate access to compensation. This tends to be the responsibility of host governments, and interventions from outside are often deemed inappropriate.”
In India displacement due to development projects have become a common occurrence. The poor and the marginalised people have to bear the brunt of these mega projects .India is one of the major dam constructing nations and has built more than 4000 dams since independence. Dams were also referred to as “Temples of Modern India” by late Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Out of the total population of indigenous/ tribal peoples, 55 % has been displaced who constituted only 8 % of the total population of India at 1991 census. That precisely means 85 lakhs of tribal people were displaced till 1990 according to the data given by Ministry of Tribal Affairs for mega development projects. ii In India dams are the single cause for displacing around 75% of total number of displaced people. ( Fernandes and Paranjpye , 1997). The reason for this being, such projects are usually undertaken in the remote areas of the country, which are inhabited by the tribals. The tribal people follow an indigenous and tradition pattern of life and thus dislocating them from their land would eventually lead to massive impoverishment due to loss of their home , livelihood and habitat. ( Lama )iWednesday 2 December 2015
Define illness.
Illnes a condition of being unhealthy in your body or mind. A specific condition that Prevents your body mind from working normally: sickness or disease.
Example of Illnes-
* Her body was not able to defend itself against.
* Hundreds of Soldiers died from illnes and hunger.
Example of Illnes-
* Her body was not able to defend itself against.
* Hundreds of Soldiers died from illnes and hunger.
How can medical sociology help in the social construction of illness?
The social construction of illness is a major research perspective in
medical sociology. This article traces the roots of
this perspective and presents three overarching
constructionist findings. First, some illnesses are particularly
embedded
with cultural meaning—which is not directly derived
from the nature of the condition—that shapes how society responds to
those
afflicted and influences the experience of that
illness. Second, all illnesses are socially constructed at the
experiential
level, based on how individuals come to understand
and live with their illness. Third, medical knowledge about illness and
disease is not necessarily given by nature but is
constructed and developed by claims-makers and interested parties. We
address
central policy implications of each of these
findings and discuss fruitful directions for policy-relevant research in
a social
constructionist tradition. Social constructionism
provides an important counterpoint to medicine’s largely deterministic
approaches
to disease and illness, and it can help us broaden
policy deliberations and decisions.
What are the various qualities of a physician?
page no 79
Qualities of a Physician
* have high professional and personal value standards in relation to patients and their care.
* be accessible and available to the patients
* be effective communicators
* be non-exploitative: physician should treat the patient with economy and efficiency.it has been that physicians prescribe large number of test relating to laboratory investigations and radiology, which are costly and harmful to the body. He/she is not interested in treating the patient but exploiting this for material benefits. In this way mind of the physician gets perverted and he/she loses self-respect. This trend is on the increase, which should be curbed.
* treat the patient on the basis of quality: it is well known that known that a physician is highly qualified in medicine but this not sufficient until and unless he/she treats the patients on the basis of quality and in a dignified way.
Qualities of a Physician
* have high professional and personal value standards in relation to patients and their care.
* be accessible and available to the patients
* be effective communicators
* be non-exploitative: physician should treat the patient with economy and efficiency.it has been that physicians prescribe large number of test relating to laboratory investigations and radiology, which are costly and harmful to the body. He/she is not interested in treating the patient but exploiting this for material benefits. In this way mind of the physician gets perverted and he/she loses self-respect. This trend is on the increase, which should be curbed.
* treat the patient on the basis of quality: it is well known that known that a physician is highly qualified in medicine but this not sufficient until and unless he/she treats the patients on the basis of quality and in a dignified way.
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