Q. Critically examine the various theoretical perspectives on gender.
Ans= The issues related to gender such as, gender equality, division of labour along gender lines and even gender identity, have been of great interest for many sociologists and the major theoretical paradigms in sociology have been used in explaining the relevance of gender in social organization. We shall summaries the main ideas that are presented in the literature relative to gender.
The International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in 1994 placed reproductive health at the center stage of demographic objectives insted of fertility reduction. The Cairo Conference recognized women's rights as individual reproductive rights.
Different perspectives and approaches would explain the problem and prospects of women's development.
Theory of Culture Dualism
the argument that are a culturally constructed gender category rather than simply a biological sex led to a much broader feminist challenge to existing knowledge of the relations between men and women. Ortner (1982), in an ambitious of the to avoid biological determinism while it was that would lead every culture to place a lower valuer on women than on men.
Social Evolutionary theory
Social Evolution theory is preoccupied with the question of whether women's position is becoming better or worse as societies undergo change. By emphasizing on the division of labour, the theory provides an explanation for inequality between and within societies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocultural_evolution
Developmentalism
Developmentalism is an economic theory which states that the best way for Third World countries to develop is through fostering a strong and varied internal market and to impose high tariffs on imported goods.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmentalism
Dependency Theory
Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a "periphery" of poor and underdeveloped states to a "core" of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former. It is a central contention of dependency theory that poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched by the way poor states are integrated into the "world system".
The theory arose as a reaction to modernization theory, an earlier theory of development which held that all societies progress through similar stages of development, that today's underdeveloped areas are thus in a similar situation to that of today's developed areas at some time in the past, and that therefore the task in helping the underdeveloped areas out of poverty is to accelerate them along this supposed common path of development, by various means such as investment, technology transfers, and closer integration into the world market. Dependency theory rejected this view, arguing that underdeveloped countries are not merely primitive versions of developed countries, but have unique features and structures of their own; and, importantly, are in the situation of being the weaker members in a world market economy.[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_theory
Biological Perspective
Biological Psychology. We can thank Charles Darwin (1859) for demonstrating in the idea that genetics and evolution play a role in influencing human behavior through natural selection. Theorists in the biological perspective who study behavioral genomics consider how genes affect behavior.
http://www.simplypsychology.org/perspective.html
Ans= The issues related to gender such as, gender equality, division of labour along gender lines and even gender identity, have been of great interest for many sociologists and the major theoretical paradigms in sociology have been used in explaining the relevance of gender in social organization. We shall summaries the main ideas that are presented in the literature relative to gender.
The International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in 1994 placed reproductive health at the center stage of demographic objectives insted of fertility reduction. The Cairo Conference recognized women's rights as individual reproductive rights.
Different perspectives and approaches would explain the problem and prospects of women's development.
Theory of Culture Dualism
the argument that are a culturally constructed gender category rather than simply a biological sex led to a much broader feminist challenge to existing knowledge of the relations between men and women. Ortner (1982), in an ambitious of the to avoid biological determinism while it was that would lead every culture to place a lower valuer on women than on men.
Social Evolutionary theory
Social Evolution theory is preoccupied with the question of whether women's position is becoming better or worse as societies undergo change. By emphasizing on the division of labour, the theory provides an explanation for inequality between and within societies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocultural_evolution
Developmentalism
Developmentalism is an economic theory which states that the best way for Third World countries to develop is through fostering a strong and varied internal market and to impose high tariffs on imported goods.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmentalism
Dependency Theory
Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a "periphery" of poor and underdeveloped states to a "core" of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former. It is a central contention of dependency theory that poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched by the way poor states are integrated into the "world system".
The theory arose as a reaction to modernization theory, an earlier theory of development which held that all societies progress through similar stages of development, that today's underdeveloped areas are thus in a similar situation to that of today's developed areas at some time in the past, and that therefore the task in helping the underdeveloped areas out of poverty is to accelerate them along this supposed common path of development, by various means such as investment, technology transfers, and closer integration into the world market. Dependency theory rejected this view, arguing that underdeveloped countries are not merely primitive versions of developed countries, but have unique features and structures of their own; and, importantly, are in the situation of being the weaker members in a world market economy.[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_theory
Biological Perspective
Biological Psychology. We can thank Charles Darwin (1859) for demonstrating in the idea that genetics and evolution play a role in influencing human behavior through natural selection. Theorists in the biological perspective who study behavioral genomics consider how genes affect behavior.
http://www.simplypsychology.org/perspective.html
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