Ans.
i.
Illiteracy: Illiteracy is widespread in India. According to the
1991 census, 47.89 per cent of the population is illiterate in India. The level
of illiteracy is very high in India, as compared to other countries. The rate
of female literacy is very low here. The percentage of female literacy is 39.42
per cent and 63.86 per cent for men. Female literacy rate is more concentrated
in urban areas. Female illiteracy is more in the northern states, namely Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. In India, almost all the
scientists and planners agree that only education can change the attitude of
the people, especially towards the composition of family and the components of
the family like marriage, girl child, size of the family, etc.
ii.
Population and capital formation: In India, there is a shortage in
the supply of capital. Usually capital is mobilized from the savings of the
people. Increase in consumption rate and the expenditure in other areas of
development ends up in no savings at the national and regional level. The
rising population increases the burden of unproductive consumers. Unproductive
consumers are those who do not produce anything but only consume. Generally
infants, children and old people are unproductive consumers. But in India,
there are many other unproductive consumers like the unemployed, underemployed
and seasonally employed persons. A growing population also affects the per
capita income thus lowering the standard and quality of life. Likewise, even
after the Green Revolution, White Revolution, Blue Revolution, etc., India
still imports food grains due to overpopulation.
Page_no_121/kkhsou/social_demography/mso_15
No comments:
Post a Comment